Module 1: Introduction to Healthcare & Professionalism

• Healthcare Systems: Overview of hospitals, clinics, and community or long-term care environments.
• Role of an HCA: Duties, legal boundaries, and responsibilities within a multi-disciplinary medical team.
• Professional Values: Maintaining patient dignity, confidentiality, privacy, and person-centered care.
• Ethics and Legalities: Basic healthcare legislation, data protection, and safeguarding vulnerable patients. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Module 2: Basic Anatomy & Physiology

• Human Body Structure: Major organ functions and body systems (cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems). [1, 2]
• Clinical Parameters: Understanding normal versus abnormal baseline body functions. [1, 2]
• Common Pathologies: Basic overview of chronic and acute conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [1]

Module 3: Infection Prevention & Patient Safety (IPC)

• Chain of Infection: How germs spread and methods to break the chain.
• Standard Precautions: Proper hand hygiene, correct usage and disposal of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE like gloves and aprons), and aseptic techniques.
• Waste Management: Safe handling of sharps, clinical waste, and contaminated materials.
• Safety Protocols: Incident reporting, near-miss documentation, and fall prevention strategies. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Module 4: Patient Care & Personal Hygiene

• Daily Living Support: Assisting patients with bathing, showering, grooming, shaving, and oral care.
• Bedmaking & Comfort: Making occupied and unoccupied beds, and preventing pressure sores (bedsores) through skin care.
• Elimination Needs: Assisting with toileting, managing bedpans/urinals, and changing incontinence pads. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Module 5: Vital Signs & Clinical Observations

• Measuring Vital Signs: Techniques for checking body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen levels (SpO₂) using pulse oximeters.
• Blood Glucose Monitoring: Assisting with basic finger-prick blood sugar checks.
• Reporting and Recording: Documenting observations accurately and reporting changes to a registered nurse.